Hydraulic air and other gas suction apparatus.



w. at 113mm. HYDBAULIO AIR AND OTHEBGAS SUCTION APPARATUS. fin-191x101! nun 107.10, 1900.

Patented June 8,1909.

xl mlm' I To all whom it Mag concern:

U ITED STATES PATENT oFFroE.

WILLIAM-JOHNSTON FRAME, OF GLASGOW, SCOTLAND.

HYDRA ULIG AIR AND OTHER GAS S U'C'II ON AYPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June a, 1909.

Application filed November 10, 1908. Serial No. 461,969.

Be it known that I, WILLIAM JonNs'roN FRAME, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Glasgow, Scotland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Air and other Gas Suction Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that type of suction apparatuslwherein a liquid jet or jets is or areemployed as the motive power to create a partial vacuum within the apparatus, and more particularly to .apparatus of this type which is used in the so-called vacuum cleaning process. The volumetric efiiciency of apparatus of this type hitherto in use is very low, because the working jets of liquid travel down through the combining tube of the apparatuswithout being finely broken up or" diffused among the air which is between these jets and which it is required to carry down through the combining or diifus ing tube'of the a paratus.

The primary ject of this invention is to increase the volumetric efliciency of the hydraulic jet apparatus, another object being to simplify and cheapen the construction of this form of vacuum'cleaning apparatus so that it can be readily fitted into domestic andother buildings for cleaning purposes.

The invention consists in applying to a hydraulic jet air and other gas suction apparatus, means for causing the liquid of the jet orjets to impinge upon itself so as to break it up intovery small globules 01' particles which are free to pass and force ,air' or gas down the diffusing tube.

The invention also consists in breaking up the jets ot vater or other liquid employed, by directing them on to inclined surfaces within the diffusing tube so that they are deflected from said surfaces toward one another, and in coming into contact with one another, are broken up into liquid globules F or particles.

in the accompanying drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are respectively a front elevation and a sid hydraulic multiple jet air suction apparatus according to the invention, suitable forcreating a artial vacuum capable of being utilized mestic or other buildings. Figs. 3 and 4 being cross sections on the lines A-A B B, respectively. Figs. 5 and 6 are respect vely a sectiona elevation and plan of aperio- "suction apparatus.

e sectional elevation .of one form ofv or vacuum cleaning purposes in do' rated plate which may be used to form the jets in a combining or diffusing tube of cir- "cular cross section, for instance as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Fig. 7 isa sectional elevation 60.

of another construction of thehydraulic jet Fig. 8 is a, plan view of the perforated plate Z. Fig. 9 s a cross section on the line C-C Fig. 7'

In carrying out the invention accordm to one mode, as for instance illustrated in F1 s. l to 6, water from the ordinary suppl main 1s led into a snipply tube a, conneete by an.

adapter b, an short piece of tube p, to a flange 01. Between this flange and another 7 c, is inserted a plate f which is provided with a series of perforations g. The arran ement 4 of these perforations isvaried accor ing'to the form of combining or difl'using tube employed. In the example illustrated, a diiius- 7 mg tube h, of circularcross section is used and, consequently, the perforatlons g, are arranged in a circular series as clearly shown n1 Figs. '5 and 6 the perforations being arran ed comparatively close to the inner cylindrical.

surface of the tube so that asthe jets descend therein, they of the tube. The flange e is referably cast in one with a sleeve 11, provided It to which the air suction inlet pipe I is connected.

In order to break up the jets into small globules-or particles for the urpose hereinbefore set forth, the combinm 'or diffusing tube It, is provided with a num er of deflecting surfaces upon which the jets strike and,

are then deflected so that they are thrown together or sprayed against each other, and are thereby broken up. Th

preferably so arran ed that the 1jets, after striking are deflected together in t a V an they may be convenicnt'l formed by inden ting the tube, as indicated ibr instance,

and B. By thus indenting the tube, the jets are deflected by the indentations toward the center of the tube, where they come into contact with one another and are thereby broken up into small globules or particles, 105

thorou hly diffused the water being thus among the air, andthe partic es pos tlvely driving the air which is ln'front of them down the tube. The indentations are preferably arranged opposite to one another in the tube but this arrangement-is not necessary as the indentation on. one slde may be will travel downwardly for some distance quite close to the inner surface with a branch ese surfaces are 1e form of I in Figs. 2 and 3 and at the section lines A-,A,

' purp shape of the diffusing tube.

lower than that on the other. one or more pairs ,of indentations may be employed and it IS preferred, when more than one pair is used, to arrange the succeeding pairs at such angl s to the receding as to insure that all the jets will be deflected. Four indentations may be arranged on the same level thus forming a tube of square cross section at this point, but any number of indentations may be so arranged 'at the same level so that any other polygonal, or even circular cross section, is formed, that is to say, in the last case mentioned, the defleeting surfaces may be in the form of cones formed in the combining tube or inserted therein.

As before stated, the series of perforations in the plate is arranged to conform to the Obviously, when a tube of oval, square or other cross section than circular is employed, the series of perforations'arc arranged to correspond. In Figs. 5 and 6 a circular series of perforations is shown suitable for the tube of circular cross section shown in Figs. 1. and 2, the circular cross section of this tube h being indicated in dotted circles in Fig. 6 and the oval forms, due to the indentations, being indicated also in dotted lines in the same figure. The actual form and size of the perforations may be varied as desired.

Although the erforations in the example referred to have fieen shown and described as near the inner surface of the diffusing tube and conforming to the latter, additional per forations may be made inside the circular series. When the pressure of the water supply low beveled slotsunay be made in the platef, instead of the circular perforations shown, these slots always being arranged with regard to the form-of diffusing tube used so that as large a volume as possible of the liquid forming the vertical jets will receive an 1n clined flow, while passing down through the contractions formed by the indentations in the difiusing tube used.

In ractice it has been found extremely diflicu t, especially when. working with water at high ressurc l o so make the small jet orifices t rat the water issuing therefrom will strike the deflecting surfaces, in such manner that the jets will thereafter accurately impinge upon one anothc r and be thoroughly broken up and diffused. liiorder to overcome this difficulty and also to insure abcttcr spread and diffusion of the water particles i arrange, in proximity to the jet orifices or i iozzles', recting device, cone or the equivalent thereof, and for the ose of repeatedly deflecting and combining or concentrating the traveling mass of air and water as it passes through the diffusing or combining tube I arrange, at

intervals therein, a number pf conic indcnl contractions in the tube 0 and a hollow water deflecting and dipreferably a short hollow l 1 l l l I l l l l l l l 1 l l l l l Obviously, l tat-ions or contractions or hollow cones.-

"lhere may according to the pressure and quantity of water used and to the vacuum or suction desired, be two, four, or as many as eight or nine of these conic contractions in the combining tube. In this second case water or other suitable liquid, from any convenient source of supply, is led to a tube a (see Figs. 7 to 9) which ma be screwed to a flange 1) which latter is be ted or otherwise fastened to a flange 0 on a casing (I provided, at its lower end, with a flange 9 which latter is bolted or otherwise secured to the flange h of the suction chamber i. In the casing d I preferably arrange a gauze filter f which prevents particles being carried by the water and choking the nozzles. Fitted between the flanges g and h. is a disk Zwhich is suitably packed and has orifices m for producing the water jets. As shown the two orifices m are tapered at their inlet side and are in line. Fitted in the flange 71 of the suction chamber 11 is a short hollow deflecting and directing code it, the upper end of this cone being somewhat larger in diameter than the dlstancc apart of the jet orifice in while the lower part thereof is of slightly smaller diameter than the distance apart of these jet orifices so that the water as it issues from'the two orifices m strikes against the cone at 0ppo site sides thereof and the jets spread out more or less toward one'another taking the curve of and being deflected and directed downward by the cone to the point where it is desired that the jets should impinge upon one another (see dotted lines) and by their impact be finely broken up or atomized and, at the same time, be spread more or less completely over the whole bore of the tube. The suction chamber i has a branch I: through which the air or gas or Va or being drawn or extracted is sucked by he action of the said jets. Inserted into the lower end of the suction chamber is a pipe 1' within which is inserted a combining tube 0 which, as shown, is cylindrical for a certain part of its length and is then indented into a conical form thus forming a conic contraction at I and is thcnh nlarged again to its original diameter and thereafter again contracted to form a second cone and so on, the conic confractions being arranged in the pipe 0 at suitable intervals and to the number desired.

ll' so desired instead of using a tube 0 with conic imlcnfations or contractions made therein, l may lit hollow cones, at suitable l l I l l intervalsapart, into a cylindrical combining tube.

The tube 0 which is preferably made, at its upper end, with a coned inlet p may be made of copper or other non-corrodible matcrlal and is fitted air tight within its outer )X'O- tecting tube 1" which latter may be made of steel. '1 he number of conic indentations or the length of this central perforation will be 1 means for said tube can beincreased or diminished to jets impinges upon itself in the tube 0, at

about the point 2, the water being completely broken up into a fine spray 3 which spreads over the bore of the tube and is intimately mixed with and diil'used through the air therein.

The conic contractions g or indentations in tube 0 direct the moving and homogeneous mass of water and air toward the center of the tube and not only insures that the same shall, when passing the contraction, be con .centrated and, at theIsame time, fill up the bore of the tube completely and so prevent back ru'sh'of air from outside, but, causes any water which may get on to the surface of the tube to be thrown back into the center thereof thereby reducing skin friction between the water and the inner surface of the tube. Any number of perforations may be made in the plate Z and some of the number may be bored so that theje'ts issuing therefrom do not strike the cone nfsa'y for exam pic that a third perforation is bored in plate at its center, the jet of water issuing from broken up by the other two deflected jets impinging on it. Having now fully described my invention what I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Patent is?- i r 1. An hydraulicjet suction apparatus comprising, in combination, a'device to which water is supplied, means in the .device for breaking up the Water into two or more jets, causing the liquid of the jets to impinge and be finely broken up and means for the admission of air or gas to the device between the point where the water is broken up into jets and the point where the water jets impinge.

comprising, in combination, a device to which water is supplied, means in the device for breaking up the water into two or more jets, means for causing the li uid of the jets to impinge and be finely bro for the admission of air or gas to the device and converging means for concentrating and combining the water and air or gas.

3. An comprising, in combination, a device to which wateris supplied, means in the device for breaking up the water into two or more jets, means for causing the li uid of the jets to impinge and be finely bro en u means for the admission of air or gas to t e device quantity of water passing through the apparatus, and the to impinge and be finely broken up, e

vtoimpinge and be finely broken 2. An hydraulic je t suction apparatus en up, INCHES hydraulic-jet suction apparatus and an inclined surface for deflecting the Water and air or gas.

4. An hydraulic-jet suction apparatus comprising, in combination, a device to. which water is supplied, means in the device for breaking up the water into two or more jets, means for causing the liquid of the jets means for the admission of air or gas to t device and converging means for repeatedly concentrating and combining the water and air or gas.

5. An l1ydraulicjet suction apparatus comprising, in combination, a device to which water is supplied, means in the device for breaking up the water into'two or more jets, means for causing the li uid of the jets toimpinge and be finely bro en up, means for the admission of air or gas to the device and inclined surfaces for repeatedly deflecting the water and. air or gas.

6.' An hydraulic-jet suction apparatus comprising, in combination, a device to which water is su plied, means in the device for breaking up t e water into two or more jets, means for causing the liquid of the jets to impinge and be finely broken u means for the admission of air or gas to t e device and inclined surfaces for deflectingand combining the'water and airor gas.

7. An hydraulic-jet suction apparatus com rising, in combination, a device to jwhic 1 water issu plied, means in the device for breaking up t e Water into two or more '100 jets, means for causing the liquid of the jets ulp, means for the admission of air or gas to t device and a series of converging surfaces for re-,

peatedly-deflecting and coinbini-ng'water and air or gas.

8. An hydraulic-jet suction apparatus 'com rising, in combination, a device to whic 1 water is su plied, means in the device for breaking up t .e water intotwo or more jets, an inclined surface for directing and defleeting the water ets so that they impinge, means for admission of air or gas, a converging combining tube having deflecting and combining sur aces therein. I

'9. An hydraulic-jet suction a paratus, com rising, in combination, a evice to' whic water is su plied, means in the device for breaking; up the water into two or more jets, means for directing and deflecting the water jets so that they impinge, means for admission of air or gas, a converging combining tube and a conic contraction in said tube. j

10. An hydraulic-jet suction a paratus, comprising, in combination, evice to which water is en plied, means in the device for breaking up t e water into two or more jets, means for directing and deflecting the water jets so that they impinge, means for admission of air or gas, a converging complate, an air or gas suction chamber, a com-- treated at intervals to form eonie (ielleetin bining tube and s eonie cont-motion followeil which Water is supplied, means in the perforated plate for breaking up the water into two or more nets, a cone in proxn'nity to said binin tube and. means in the tube for cornb blnlng and concentrating Water and also deflecting the sums so that the articles of water nnnin e'u ion. themf I. selves.

12. An l'iydruuhee suotion ziippzirstu comprising, in eon'ibnnitioli; n (is: to Wlnrh water supplied, a, perforated plate 1 in the device for breaking rip the water into two or more jets, eeonverging cone in proxiinity to said piste, an air or gas surtioi'i chamber, a combining tube and inrlined surfaces in the tube for repeatedly con'ibining and -coneeiit-rstine the mixture of air or gas and water and if. so deileetiizg the same so that the particles bi water impinge upon themselves.

13. An. hydrimlio-je't suction apparatus, roniprising, in (:(nnbinstion, a device to which water supplied, means in the device for breaking up the miter into two or more je' 's, zrdeileriiiig cone in proximity to said means, i m-nun ehninber with air or inlet binn' h a. ronibining tube fitted in said ehainl er -snid combining tube being eon- 1 l D and combining: suri 14. An hydrsulio-iet suction apparatus,

eoni risin in (Olliljillkti'lfill {t ehuinbs" to which water supplied, a. peri'iniiieii piste is air 01' gas and 1 at one end of said chamber, n suction (llillllber with air or gas inlet, a. delli-ieting cone at one end 0?? said elniniber, a combining tuhv fitted in the Chamber and having a series of conic eonl etions therein at intervals.

An hydraulic-jet suction aplnirmus, comprising, in combination, a ey indi iriil Ci'lii' iflLi. to which water is supplied, :i iinl -.d plate at one end of said (il'ifilliihl nn'n'ieul suction chamber with air er gas inlet, 5. er deiierting (one at one end. of said :2 combining tube litterl in the cinimlj e rlnunber and lniving a. series of ronie (-011- trsciions therein at intervals and a. proteetin tube outside said combining tube.

i6. in hydraulic-jet suction iippzmitus, eoniprisin in combination, u ehmnber to whiri'i unter is supplied, a, perforated. lplnte at one end. of said chamber, a suetirm. r nnnher with air or gas inlet, :1 jet deflecting Cone at 0116' end of said chamber, at combining tube titted in the chamber and having :1. se ries of conic eoin'raetions indented therein :12 intervals.

17. An hydraulie-jet suction apparatus comprising, in combination, a. device 1 which water is supplied, menus in the deriw for ijireaking up the water into jets, 1ne=rn:-..

LET/i Evil JOHN STON FRAME. 

